Charpy vs Izod:冲击测试比较

Both Charpy and Izod impact testing are popular methods of determining the impact strength or toughness, 材料的. 的se tests measure the total amount of energy that a material can absorb. This energy absorption is directly related to the brittleness of the material. 脆性材料, 如陶瓷或玻璃, tend to have lower absorption rates than ductile materials like Stainless 钢 or brass.

Recognizing the energy absorption properties 材料的 is crucial, as it provides insights into the extent of plastic deformation the material can endure before facing catastrophic failure. 另外, gaining a comprehensive understanding of the shared characteristics and distinctions between these two prevalent impact test methods is essential before choosing the impact test method for your project.

什么是夏比冲击试验?

的 夏比冲击试验 是由S开发的.B. Russell and Georges Charpy, at the turn of the 20th century. 它仍然是, 直到今天, one of the most popular impact testing methods due to the relative ease of creating samples and obtaining results. 试验装置由一个重摆组成, which is dropped from a specified height to make contact with the specimen. 的 energy transferred to the material can be inferred by comparing the difference in the height of the pendulum before and after the fracture.

夏比冲击试验试样尺寸

查比试验标本, 哪个是水平放置在机器里的, 通常是55 x 10 x 10mm (2.165" x 0.394" x 0.394英寸)的棒材，在其中一个面上加工出一个缺口. 这个缺口, 是v型还是u型, is placed facing away from the pendulum and helps to concentrate the stress and encourage fracture. 的 notch must be of specific 维 and geometry to enable consistent results. 测试 can be performed at both ambient and reduced temperatures, sometimes as low as -425F (254°C).

查比测试标准: 夏比冲击试验ing is typically carried out following standards like ASTM E23, ASTM A370, 或ISO 148. Although the test is more commonly associated with metals, there are also specific standards tailored for plastics and polymers, 如ASTM D6110和ISO 179.

“When choosing which type of test is right for the application of the material it is important to note that only the Charpy test can be performed at sub-ambient and elevated temperatures.”

什么是冲击试验?

的 Izod impact test was named for 英语 engineer Edwin Gilbert Izod, 谁在1903年第一个描述了这种测试方法. 的 test apparatus and specimen design are very similar to Charpy impact, 有一些显著的不同, 包括试样的形状和方向, which is clamped into the apparatus vertically with the notch facing toward the pendulum. 的 pendulum then impacts the sample at a specified area above the notch.

Izod测试标准: 常用的冲击试验方法包括ASTM E23 & 金属的标准是BS 131, ISO 180 & ASTM D256塑料.

Izod和Charpy测试比较

One of the main differences from Charpy impact is that Izod impact testing is performed in two orientations on the same sample whereas the Charpy test is performed in the same orientation. 塑料样品通常是64 x 12.7 x 3.2毫米的酒吧与一个加工的v形缺口. 金属样品的尺寸通常为127 x 11左右.带1或3个机加工v形缺口的43毫米棒.

我有金属样品. 我应该执行哪个方法?

If you opt for Izod impact testing, selecting the right specimen configuration is the next step. Options range from round to square specimens and single-notched to three-notched ones. 

Opting for the 3-notch specimen can be more cost-effective, as it requires less material to obtain three impact results. 另外, the 3-notch sample offers the advantage of averaging results from different directions, potentially minimizing bias from directional properties—an essential consideration for your material. Your choice of specimen configuration can play a key role in achieving accurate and unbiased results for your impact testing.

What Are the Differences Between Charpy and Izod Impact 测试?

Note: When Izod specimens are to be machined to ASTM E23 the sample will be a single notch specimen for round samples with the following 维: 11.直径4mm × 75mm. If a square sample is preferred the following 维 will be adhered to: 131 x 10 x 10mm.

选择Charpy或Izod冲击测试 

Choosing between the Izod and Charpy methods involves considering their similarities and differences in specimen design and testing configurations. 深思熟虑地做出这个决定是至关重要的. Your testing provider can guide you, aligning the method with your specific material and end goals. 通常, the material specification will indicate the required test type to ensure it meets the necessary standards.

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